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Most Deadly Tsunamis in History

1. December 26, 2004-Indian Ocean earthquake/tsunami:
This tsunami happened near the island of Sri Lanka. This has been the most destructive tsunami in history since its destruction took most of the lives of young children who cannot resist the force of the wave. A lot of the people who lived on the shore drowned to death. This has been the most destructive because of the great death toll it incurred upon the island. Not only was the destruction observed in Sri Lanka but also the surrounding land areas. Its destruction was based on the curiosity and the lack of knowledge of the people on the shores. The people went curious about the receding waters on the sea of Sri Lanka and observed. By the time that they heard the roaring noise that the wave carried, it was too late to flee. Thus a total death toll of greater or less than 350,000 was recorded (some sources may vary).

2. November 1, 1755-Lisbon tsunami:
An earthquake first struck Lisbon, a great city known for its prosperity and its wealth. By the time that the earthquake struck Lisbon, about 80,000 live were lost. 40 minutes after the earthquake, the raging tsunami followed with a series of waves that engulfed the city. In the midst of chaos, there was despair and confusion. Due to the magnitude 8.6 earthquakes, which at some sources say that the magnitude was already nearing the magnitude of 9, a strong tsunami hit the city with a total death toll of 230,000 lives.

3. December 28, 1908, Messina, Italy earthquake and tsunami:
The earthquake that shook the city gave rise to the tsunami that added the destruction of the city. Later in history, Messina was destroyed by the bombings of the allied forces. Further into history, the city of Messina was then awarded for its valor in rebuilding. A total death toll of 80,000 lives was recorded.

4. 1883, Krakatoa volcano explosion, Indonesia:
The island volcano of Krakatoa in the archipelago of Indonesia exploded a series of pyroclastic flows. These flows fell on the sea in cubic of kilometers of ejections that displaced an equal amount of sea water. The eruption happened on August 26-27 where a series of tsunamis flowed all throughout the world. The waves were felt as far as Africa and the eruption was even heard as far as Australia.

5. 1707, Tokaido-Nankaido, Japan:
The reference that has been associated with this tsunami’s hit in the Tokaido-Nankaido has been limited but recorded reference has been taken. A total death toll of 30,000 has been sustained from this tsunami.

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Tsunami Information on the Web

Many Web sites have information about the Indian Ocean tsunami and tsunamis in general. Below are listed some sites:

USGS Northern Sumatra Earthquake event page: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/eqinthenews/2004/usslav/

USGS site, with basic tsunami information: http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/tsunami/basics.html
Pacific Marine Environmental Lab (PMEL): http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/tsunami/home.html

USGS Circular 1187, "Surviving a Tsunami—Lessons from Chile, Hawaii, and Japan" (also available in Spanish): http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/c1187/